Why are experimental investigations prove to be the best type of scientific investigation to demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships?

I believe the answer is: because we can study the cause - and - effect relationship between different variables in a controlled environment.

In a controlled environment, we can freely change the factors that might influence the result whenever we want, in order to cross check whether a certain factor would resulted in the desired effect or not. This includes conducting test to test hypothesis and validity of the claims.

i decided to stay late in the laboratory to continue my experiment with the lightbulb. at midnight, thomas edison opened the door and saw all the stuff he was working on. the lightbulb, film and the transmitter. as he walks in an idea hits him on how the lightbulb would work. he would have to change a few wires around to get it to light up. when he did change the wires around it worked so he decided to write a telegraph to his friend to tell him about his success.   as he was packing up he grabbed the telegraph and walked to his home. he told his wife about the success and the next morning mailed the telegraph.