An author creates suspense by allowing the reader to have information that the character does not have. this technique is known as
a. dramatic irony.
b. flashback.
c. situational irony.
d. foreshadowing.

The correct answer is A. Dramatic irony

Explanation:

Dramatic irony is a device used in literature in which the audience or reader has information some of the characters ignored. For example, the audience knows a character is conspiring against others, but the character affected by this completely ignores this information. Dramatic ironic is one of the techniques used in suspense because it makes the reader be awaiting for the moment the characters know the information. Also, this technique is different from flashback because this focuses on memories from the past, from foreshadowing because this focuses on future predictions and from situational irony because this focuses on showing a situation that seems absurd. Therefore, the technique described is dramatic irony.

the answer is the second one.

the present continuous is a verb tense which is mainly used to indicates that an action is in progress at the moment of speaking.  

it is formed using: person + verb to be (am/is/are) +verb + - ing form  

example: i am studying at this moment .

in addition, the present continuous is also used in order to express things that will or will not happen in the near future.

example: i am having dinner with some friends tonight.

the speaker sometimes   uses it   to express that an action is repeated and it causes irritation on the part of the speaker

example: my sister is constantly complaining about everything.