Which narrative technique does the author include in
this passage?
-characterization
-dialogue
-setting
how does this technique support the author's
purpose?
-it to create suspense
-it shows enrique’s happiness
-it creates a sense of oppression

The narrative technique used by the author is setting.

Indeed, this text is a description of the situation the main character finds himself in. We are given information about:

This sets the context for the upcoming twists and turns of the story.

This technique supports the author's purpose by creating a sense of oppression.

The ways the protagonist's situation is described makes the oppressive feeling almost palpable, with phrases "warm ... smoke," "searing stench," "heat," and the repetition of the word "burn." It gives the impression that the heat is felt through various different senses:

The idea of oppression is further conveyed by several allusions to what Enrique and other migrants long for to escape this crushing heat: they envy "villagers cooling themselves" or "doz[ing] in hammocks slung in shady spots," and the train cars even remind them of "bobbing ice cubes."

i've read it so how can i ?