1.
part a: which of the following best identifies the author’s claim in the text?

a
hopper was often underestimated because of her gender and unable to contribute her ideas and insights.
b
without the influence of hopper, it is unlikely that women would be allowed to work in the field of computer science today.
c
hopper’s contributions develop computers and expand the presence of female programmers in computer science.
d
while hopper was successful with technology, she struggled to connect with other people.

the two answers are

get thee back into the tempest and the night's plutonian shore

on the pallid bust of pallas just above my chamber door

the development of trade during the middle age increased to the change given in the agriculture, which gave money, industry and markets a bigger importance in economy. the agriculture production was more than the consumption, which meant the creation of wider markets out of the areas. besides, with the end of multiple wars, the population increased and new trade routes were created.

the correct answer is d. in john paston's letter written friday, 14, 1476, he expresses his fear that he may have to go to war.

indeed, although the black death was ravaging europe, the pastons were relatively safe from it due to their social status as they were part of the landed gentry. it is clear that the vast majority of the victims of the pandemic were the poor. the reason why he is weary of having to go to war is because at the particular time england was also devastated by the war of the roses and paston, being a courtesan was inevitably involved.