In research essays, brackets [ ] are used by writers to demonstrate when
a) original sources have been paraphrased
b) small changes have been made within exact quotations
c) outside resources have been cited
d) parts of a quotation were already within quotation marks

B) small changes have been made within exact quotations

Explanation:

Brackets are pair of marks [ ] which enclose words or figures in order to separate them from the context. In essay writing, sometimes a quotation does not fit exactly within the author's text because of capitalization, the use of other words or structures, or because part of the quotation is wished to be omitted. Therefore, the use of brackets indicate that the quotation's exact punctuation has been adapted to the punctuation or grammar structure of the essay. For example:

Original quotation: "That's one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind."

Essay writing: Before landing on the moon, Neil Armstrong says "[t]hat's one small step for a man [...]" and then he sets foot on the ground.

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michael’s company should invest in the updating of every section as well as data and processes technology and software. through the analysis of the manufacturing process, the company can take a clear approach towards the best way to improve not only the process but also de final result. some of the main problems that manufacturing companies face are the waste of material due to disorganized processes and the lack of real-time process checkings. this can be solved with specific software and machines that can turn paperwork into the digital era and that will reduce the time employees take on that, being this time better apply to control the production process and communication among different sectors of the company, the product will be made in shorter time with better quality and more profit