The underlined phrases improve sentence flow by providing

in "people in peace, not profit and war" chrisholm uses inductive reasoning for her argument against defense spending by stating that the new administration, like most americans, wanted to invest in social objectives, so they must not want to prioritize defense spending. mr. nixon said "we can delay no longer in launching new approaches to the problem that beset them", but chrisholm points out that the programs were delayed anyways.

industrialization in great britain began with the global 'industrial revolution', a pioneer. industrialization in russia was the last in europe, a laggard.

great britain’s industrialization was driven by individual citizens, while russia’s was guided by the government.

the answer is d, first person always relates to the speaker. i hope this : )