Astructural linguist is more interested in the language people speak in a given speech community today than on general, historical patterns of speech. true or false

Well, this is not true, but the opposite is also not true. 

Structural linguists look for structure in language, so they would look at how words are composed of phonemes and morphemes. They are mostly working on current languages, but that's because they have access to them easily. When they can, they also study how those patterns evolved historically. De Saussure, the founder of Structural Linguistics is for example and important figure in historical linguistics.

Pardon me. to answer questions like this, we would have needed more information. for starters, two sentences from the excerpt that came with the question.