Read the passage.

excerpt from “mundra” by emily t. sheets

what is the old woman’s viewpoint about mundra?

since mundra has no family left to care for her, the old woman believes it is her responsibility to ensure that mundra is supported.

because she believes mundra caused the sickness that killed her son, the old woman feels mundra is cursed by the gods.

since mundra is grieving the loss of her family, the old woman does her best to be patient with mundra while she recovers from her loss.

because her community rejects widows like mundra, the old woman is conflicted over whether to allow her to remain in her home.

animal farm, written by george orwell, is a representation of russia after the revolution that led stalin to take over power.

in this excerpt, the central idea seems to be that the animals (a representation of society), when they believe to be working for a greater good and equality, are obedient and productive. they were convinced that, after expelling the owner (jones) from the farm, they would live in harmony and be fairly treated.

as we know, the pigs become the leaders and grow more selfish and dictatorial with time. in the end, they look and act in a way so similar to humans that it is impossible to tell the difference. the ideals of equality are shattered, and the farm turns out to be worse than it was before. the animals are manipulated with false propaganda and forced to work in order to enrich the pigs.

each morning i wrote my name

on the dusty cabinet, then crossed

the dining table in script, scrawled

in capitals on the backs of chairs,

practicing signatures like scales

while mother followed squirting

linseed from a burping can