According to the elaboration likelihood model, the to process a message depends on such factors as involvement, personal relevance, and individuals' needs and arousal levels.
a. ability
b. competency
c. motivation
d. dissonance
e. attitude

there is a sequence and logical steps to give an answer of a trouble.

1) strategy is necessary to develop an project idea.

2) to study and know the environment where you are going to work ( ecosystem).

3)   the materials resources to built the ideas.

4) to give a priority order in the context that you study. in this case human needs.

may i know the title of the book?

the answer is b. the tracer looks harmless in flight, but the pilot’s bitten lips and white knuckles suggest how dangerous it can be.

i'm thinking it would be when compound subjects are joined by or, nor,either-or, neither-nor.