What sentences can be written for superficial

Can someone me answer this english question

Read the excerpt from part 2 of zeitoun. zeitoun woke with the sun and crawled out of his tent. the day was bright, and as far as he could see in any direction the city was underwater. . he could only think of judgment day, of noah and forty days of rain. and yet it was so quiet, so still. nothing moved. he sat on the roof and scanned the horizon, looking for any person, any animal or machine moving. nothing. as he did his morning prayers, a helicopter broke the silence, shooting across the treetops and heading downtown. why does the author include the details of zeitoun’s morning? to suggest the hopelessness of zeitoun’s situation to illustrate the solitary existence endured by survivors to establish zeitoun’s dedication to the rituals of his faith to reveal the military’s attempts at assistance

Which of the following is an appeal to reason? (5 points) a statistics or other facts that will bring audiences to a logical conclusion b positive references to the audience's sense of right versus wrong c strong organization and use of proper spelling, punctuation, and grammar d descriptions of events or places that have meanings to the audience