The turning-point of my life from what is man? and other stories by mark twain (extract) now what interests me, as regards these details, is not the details themselves, but the fact that none of them was foreseen by me, none of them was planned by me, i was the author of none of them. circumstance, working in harness with my temperament, created them all and compelled them all. i often offered , and with the best intentions, but it was rejected—as a rule, uncourteously. i could never plan a thing and get it to come out the way i planned it. it came out some other way—some way i had not counted upon. and so i do not admire the human being—as an intellectual marvel—as much as i did when i was young, and got him out of books, and did not know him personally. when i used to read that such and such a general did a certain brilliant thing, i believed it. whereas it was not so. circumstance did it by of his temperament. the circumstance would have failed of effect with a general of another temperament: he might see the chance, but lose the advantage by being by nature too slow or too quick or too doubtful. once general grant was asked a question about a matter which had been much debated by the public and the newspapers; he answered the question without any hesitancy. "general, who planned the march through georgia? " "the enemy! " he added that the enemy usually makes your plans for you. he meant that the enemy by neglect or through force of circumstances leaves an opening for you, and you see your chance and take advantage of it. circumstances do the planning for us all, no doubt, by of our temperaments. i see no great difference between a man and a watch, except that the man is conscious and the watch isn't, and the man tries to plan things and the watch doesn't. the watch doesn't wind itself and doesn't regulate itself—these things are done exteriorly. outside influences, outside circumstances, wind the man and regulate him. left to himself, he wouldn't get regulated at all, and the sort of time he would keep would not be valuable. some rare men are wonderful watches, with gold case, compensation balance, and all those things, and some men are only simple and sweet and humble waterburys. i am a waterbury. a waterbury of that kind, some say. a nation is only an individual multiplied. it makes plans and circumstance comes and upsets them—or enlarges them. some patriots throw the tea overboard; some other patriots destroy a bastille. the plans stop there; then circumstance comes in, quite unexpectedly, and turns these modest riots into a revolution. and there was poor columbus. he elaborated a deep plan to find a new route to an old country. circumstance revised his plan for him, and he found a new world. and he gets the credit of it to this day. he hadn't anything to do with it.
why does the author use examples from history in this passage?
a.
to readers relate to the characters in the essay
b.
to advance the plot of the essay
c.
to support and develop the main idea
d.
to keep readers attentive and interested