Consider the role women play in today's society, are they still subject to similar abuse?  

Yes

Explanation: Women are seen as vulnerable and seen as an easier target

would cloning of animals be allowed to prevent extinction?

i believe it is the first choice (1.)

because the major theme is(“both the wild and civilization have rules.”)

and also as u said,( based on what buck learns within the call of the wild, "both the wild and civilization have rules".this is true of humans within society as well.