Which excerpt from the text best shows that the passage uses a cause and effect pattern

a. in many arenas, nationalism was sweeping europe

b. european nations raced to be the first to colonize asia & africa

c. the assassination of the austrian archduke fran’s ferdinand by a serbian nationalist in 1914

d. several factors led to the beginning of world war i.

D. Several factors led to the beginning of World War I.

Explanation:

By starting the passage with this sentence, the author wants us to understand that the passage will use a cause and effect pattern. This is clear from the fact that the introductory sentence tells us that the passage will discuss the factors that led to WWI. This means that the events discussed are considered causes, while the war is considered an effect. The cause and effect structure is particularly useful when discussing historical events.

what did the protagonist say?