Read the sentence. reading books about early american colonies led us to a new understanding of our nation's history. which underlined nouns are concrete nouns?

You didn't mark which nouns are underlined, but concrete nouns are nouns that you can taste, touch, see, smell, or hear (nouns that call on your five senses). Taking all the nouns in your sentence...

books - Can you touch books? See books? Smell books? Yep. So this would be a concrete noun.

colonies - Can you see colonies? Smell colonies? Hear colonies? Well, maybe not present-day, since the American colonies are over and done with, but in general, yeah. Colonies are physical things, a group of people, and groups of people can stink, or smell great, or make a lot of noise. This makes them a concrete noun.

understanding - Can you touch, see, smell, taste, or hear understanding? No, you can't. This is an abstract noun.

history - Can you touch, see, smell, taste, or hear history? In its literal sense, no. History is a study of past events, and that can't be physically touched, heard, or tasted.

In general, anything that's a concept will be an abstract noun. This includes things like history, love, loneliness, et cetera. Anything you can physically put your hands on or use your five senses with will be a concrete noun.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)