Can you describe the word chalk without saying the words chalk or chalky? (type your own definition of the word.)

Chalk is a white powder made of soft limestone called calcium carbonate. It can be found in both a powder substance or a more firm rock-like form. One use of the powder form is for gymnasts. They use the calcium carbonate powder from to protect their hands from blisters when doing work on the bars, pomel horse, or rings. The harder form of calcium carbonate can sometimes be found in the shape of a long round cylinder and is used as a writing implement on blackboards. Sometimes it is mixed with a coloring agent and used to draw pictures on sidewalks.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)