Theories that focus on the aesthetic relationship between parts within a work are known as theories. expressive formal rhetorical mimetic im back beches

The correct answer is "formal".

Explanation:

According to literary historian M. H. Abrams, literary theories could be classified into four categories: mimetic, rhetorical, expressive, and formal. Formal theories focus on the text's relationship to the text itself, finding aesthetic relationships between one part of the text with other part of the same text.

in the quotation from passage, connie willis states that literature is a way for authors from the past to communicate with readers of today. we can read their stories, books, and other texts to learn lessons about life. willis refers to these lessons as messages “from beyond the grave.” willis has a favorable viewpoint about the timelessness of literature.