Read the excerpt from samuel johnson’s preface to a dictionary of the english language. the two languages from which our primitives have been derived are the roman and teutonick: under the roman i comprehend the french and provincial tongues; and under the teutonick range the saxon, german, and all their kindred dialects. the underlined word emerges as a key term in johnson’s preface because it clarifies words’ pronunciations. questions words’ literary importance. explains words’ origins and variations. offers criticism of words’ common usages.

In just over one hundred years, between 1701 and 1810, 252,500 enslaved africans were brought to barbados—an island that occupies only 166 square miles (making it, today, one of the smallest countries in the world). the english then set out to conquer more sugar islands, starting with jamaica, which they took from spain in 1655. in the same period that the 252,500 africans were brought to barbados, 662,400 africans were taken to jamaica. thus, sugar drove more than 900,000 people into slavery, across the atlantic, to barbados and jamaica—and these were just two of the sugar islands. the english were eagerly filling antigua, nevis, saint kitts, and montserrat with slaves and sugar mills. they took over much of dutch guiana for the same reason. seeing the fortunes being made in sugar, the french started their own scramble to turn the half of the island of hispaniola that they controlled (which is now haiti), as well as martinique, guadeloupe, and french guiana (along the south american coast near dutch guiana), into their own sugar colonies, which were filled with hundreds of thousands more african slaves. by 1753, british ships were taking average of 34,250 slaves from africa every year, and by 1768, that number had reached 53,100. –sugar changed the world, marc aronson and marina budhos how do the authors use historical evidence to support their claim? x(a) they use secondary sources to show how french and english monarchs were indifferent to enslaved people. x(b)they use secondary sources to show that enslaved people often fought for their freedom after arriving in the caribbean. the answer is: (c)they use facts from primary sources to show how countries increased the number of enslaved people to produce more sugar. x(d)they use primary source interviews to show that countries could make more money in trading sugar without using enslaved people.

What can you infer about how the particular events in "the memoirs of the conquistador bernal del diaz de castillo" still affected the writer at the time of writing his memoir? he thinks of his dead crewmen with sadness and regrets that they died for nothing. he is still frustrated that one of his men accidentally kills himself by drinking too much water.  he thinks wistfully about the wealth he may have enjoyed if they had found gold in the yucatan.  he still considers indians liars. 

According to warren in the brown opinion, how did conditions change between the time the fourteenth amendment was adopted and the time the supreme court considered brown v. board of education?