Read this excerpt from “schenck v. u. s., 249 u. s. 47 (1919)" and answer the question that follows: this is an indictment in three counts. the first charges a conspiracy to violate the espionage act of june 15, 1917, by causing and attempting to cause insubordination, in the military and naval forces of the united states, and to obstruct the recruiting and enlistment service of the united states, when the united states was at war with the german empire, to-wit, that the defendant willfully conspired to have printed and circulated to men who had been called and accepted for military service under the act of may 18, 1917, a document set forth and alleged to be calculated to cause such insubordination and obstruction. the count alleges overt acts in pursuance of the conspiracy, ending in the distribution of the document set forth. the second count alleges a conspiracy to commit an offense against the united states, to-wit, to use the mails for the transmission of matter declared to be non-mailable by title 12, 2, of the act of june 15, 1917, to-wit, the above mentioned document, with an averment of the same overt acts. the third count charges an unlawful use of the mails for the transmission of the same matter and otherwise as above. the defendants were found guilty on all the counts. they set up the first amendment to the constitution forbidding congress to make any law abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, and bringing the case here on that ground have argued some other points also of which we must dispose. according to the bolded lines, what is one reason for schenck’s indictment? he organize a mail campaign for the military. he tried to send something through the mail illegally. he tried to encourage men to sign up for enlistment. he tried to join the united states navy.

Part 2: thoreau’s ideas had a profound effect on a man named gandhi. gandhi, was a leader in india who worked to end british rule. he led india to independence and inspired many to non-violent forms of protest and resistance. he fought to end poverty, worked to expand women's right to vote, and built bridges between ethnic and religious groups. like thoreau, he lived simply, owned very little, and ate a vegetarian diet. in india, gandhi's form of protest was called the "non-cooperation movement." he urged indians to boycott british education systems and leave government jobs. the movement was very popular, and in part to stop its spread, the british controlled government arrested him. after a few years, he was released and became active in politics again. he inspired many to follow him on marches to protest various taxes. on one such march, thousands followed him 240 miles over 24 days to the sea to protest a salt tax. this march set the example of non-violent resistance to the government that others in the country followed. eventually india won independence from britain, in large part because of gandhi work. gandhi's model of resistance and reform was creative, appealing, and successful. as a result, dr. martin luther king looked to gandhi when the time came to find a way to resist segregation in the south. the lunch counter protests, famous for the passive response to anger, and even violence, aimed to end the separation enforced by laws in some regions of the south. king also organized walks, marches, and bus rides that were meant to bring attention to the issues facing african americans. these forms of protest were directly modeled on gandhi's, but king took them straight to the source of oppression. where gandhi's protests created awareness and built momentum, king's protests were in the face of great hatred and fear. the passive, non-violent protests were ultimately effective, mainly because the passive response to violence cast the opposition as brutes. however, change came slowly and at the cost of many lives. king remained committed to peaceful protest, however, until his death. king learned from gandhi, expanding on what worked, applying old techniques to a new problem. gandhi owed his philosophy, in part, to a new england poet who loved the woods. read this sentence from part 2: like thoreau, he lived simply, owned very little, and ate a vegetarian diet. what is the point of this sentence? gandhi and thoreau had similar childhoods. gandhi had many admirable qualities. thoreau and gandhi were very similar. thoreau had a simple life compared to others.