Which type of fallacy uses circular reasoning to support an argument? a. genetic fallacy b. begging the claim c. hasty generalization d. ad populum

(A) Begging the claim (also known as begging the question).

Explanation:

Circular reasoning occurs when a claim becomes evidence. In the case of begging the claim, an example would be: Taurus people are very patient because many Taureans I meet are very patient.

The other options aren't circular reasoning:

Genetic fallacy is a type of fallacy where someone refers to the historical context of a condition as an argument basis, instead of talking about its present context. An example would be someone arguing that Country B should not help Country A defend itself from a hostile attack - even though Country A is currently helping Country B with a current war - since Country A previously did not help them during the World War. This isn't circular reasoning because there's new evidence presented, although irrelevant to the current argument context. Ad populum is a type of fallacy where an argument is assumed true because many people believe it to be true. For example, because many people believe that walking under ladders bring you bad luck, you think that walking under ladders will indeed create bad luck for anyone who does it. This isn't circular reasoning - it is instead a form of generalization. Hasty generalization is a type of fallacy where a condition is assumed to be more widespread than it is. For example, there is a dengue fever outbreak in London, Kentucky. Hasty generalization occurs when you say that there is a dengue fever outbreak in the whole United States. This is, of course, a form of generalization, not circular reasoning.

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