If we leave out our tortillas – and by that i mean the language, history, cultural values and themes of our literature – the very culture we’re portraying will die. publishing has often forced us to do just that. trade publishers who control publishing in this country continue to have a very narrow view of the literature of this country. at a time when multicultural diversity is challenging the literary canon, the major publishers still are slow to respond to the literary output of chicano writers. after twenty-five years of contemporary chicano writings, there are still only three or four chicano writers who publish with the big trade publishers. —“take the tortillas out of your poetry,” rudolfo anaya why is the statistical fact presented in this passage an effective appeal to logos? a. it contrasts the vast number of years for which chicano authors have been writing with the small number of authors who are accepted by big publishers. b. it provides a precise number of chicano authors who have made an impact on large publishing houses. c. it suggests logical reasons for why chicano writers have been writing for the past twenty-five years.

The correct answer is option A. It contrasts the vast number of years for which Chicano authors have been writing with the small number of authors who are accepted by big publishers.

Anaya's intent with this passage is to denounce the unwillingness of big publishing companies to accept american writers of mexican descent (Chicanos) in their ranks given the cultural implications encountered inside the works of these authors (Mexican culture). The statistical fact presenting a minimal number of these authors participating in big publishing companies serves as evidence to support Anaya's claim, inferring there could be many more authors working for these companies without affecting their reputations.

. It contrasts the vast number of years for which Chicano authors have been writing with the small number of authors who are accepted by big publishers.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

the narrator closes the lantern tightly so the old man is

not awakened by the bright light

explanation: