If the following sentence were to be added to the passage, in which paragraph should it be placed?
equipping these women with basic literacy skills will empower them to contribute more meaningfully to society.
a paragraph 1
b paragraph 2
c paragraph 3
d paragraph 4
e paragraph 5

read the following passage carefully before you choose your answers.

(the following is an excerpt from a speech by esther brimmer.)

we believe that investing in the education of women and girls is not only the “right thing to do; but it is the smart thing to do.” that is why we are committed to working with the united nations and the international community in the lead up to 2015 to promote gender equality and the global empowerment of women and the education-related millennium development goals. the united states is working with key international partners, including the united nations, and the un specialized agencies, such as unesco and unicef, to expand girls’ and women’s access to education in all forms and at all levels. as we seek to empower women through education, we must think of new ways to reach women and make education and skills training relevant to their lives. some progress has been made with regard to enrollment in primary school for girls.

according to the 2010 education for all global monitoring report, the share of out-of-school girls has declined from 58% to 54% and the gender gap is narrowing in primary education in many countries. however we know that one of the challenges is not only enrollment in basic education, but also getting girls to stay in school and creating an environment where they can successfully transfer from primary to secondary school and consider post-secondary options.

we know that literacy is a critical first step for acquiring the skills needed to participate fully in one’s society. of the 759 million adults who lack basic literacy skills around the world, two-thirds are women. un organizations are governments, teachers, funders, ngos, and students build capacity and address challenges to reaching these adults that lack basic literacy skills. since rejoining unesco, one of our top priorities has been promoting literacy, with a particular focus on girls and women.

to that end, quality providers of informal/non-formal education have played and will continue to play a key role in decreasing the global adult illiteracy rate. we know that informal education can be more flexible and reach adults who have long ago dropped out of the formal schools system or who were systematically denied access to school.

as the largest government donor to unicef, the united states is supporting efforts to support safe schools, quality education for each and every girl and boy. for example, unicef’s child-friendly schools model which has been implemented in more than 50 countries, utilizes curricula that are specifically inclusive and gender-sensitive. where barriers to gender equity exist, unicef works with governments to develop alternative education methods that promote gender inclusiveness in education. in afghanistan, unicef has establish community-based schools in rural areas that allow for the participation of girls. in 2008, the government of afghanistan ran 815 of these community-based schools, with an enrolment of nearly 30,000 students.