If the effective mass of holes is greater than the effective mass of electrons in semiconductor material, Question 3 options: the intrinsic Fermi energy is slightly above the center of the bandgap. the bandgap is wider than it would be if the situation were reversed. there is no effect on the intrinsic Fermi energy level. the intrinsic Fermi energy is slightly below the center of the bandgap.

An external consultant recommends that a plant installs a bank of capacitors for power factor correction. this will reduce the peak electrical demand charges by an average of 93 kw every month. the plant current pays $13 per kw in peak demand charges. the capacitor bank will include 223 kw of fixed capacitors, and 183 of variable capacitors. the fixed capacitors cost $59 per kw, and the variable capacitors will cost $65 per kw. the consultant charges 21% of the equipment costs to install the capacitors. because this project will reduce the demand for the electric utility, they are prepared to provide a one-time rebate of $42 per kw of reduced demand. what is the simple payback period for this project (in years)?