We run a fermentor using 20 g/L concentration of substrate (feed) to produce our product. When we increase the substrate concentration to 40 g/L, the production rate of the product only increases 10%. Discuss why the response may be very non-linear in terms of the enzyme kinetics in the cells metabolism that control the product production rate.

During a steady flow process, the change of energy with respect to time is zero. a)- true b)- false

Which of the following ziegler nichols tuning methods the response of the controller to a step input should exhibit an s-shaped curve? a)-open loop mode b)-closed loop mode c)-both modes (open & closed) d)-none of the modes (open & closed)

An air compression refrigeration system is to have an air pressure of 100 psia in the brine tank and an allowable air temperature increase of 60°f for standard vapor compression cycle temperatures of 77 f entering the expansion cylinder and 14 f entering the compression cylinder, calculate the coefficient of performance a. 2.5 b 3.3 c. 4.0 d. 5.0