Consider a tube for transporting steam that is not centered properly in a cylindrical insulation material (k = 0.73 W/m∙K). The tube diameter is D1 = 20 mm and the insulation diameter is D2 = 40 mm. The distance between the center of the tube and the center of the insulation is z = 5 mm. If the surface of the tube maintains a temperature of 100°C and the outer surface temperature of the insulation is constant at 30°C, determine the rate of heat transfer per unit length of the tube through the insulation.

Liquid flows at steady state at a rate of 2 lb/'s through a pump, which operates to raise the elevation of the liquid 100 ft from control volume inlet to exit. the liquid specific enthalpy at the inlet is 40.09 btu/lb and at the exit is 40.94 btub. the pump requires 3 btu/s of power to operate. if kinetic energy effects are negligible and gravitational acceleration is 32.174 tt/s, the heat transfer rate associated with this steady state process is most closely 1)-2,02 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings 2)-3.98 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 3)-4.96 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 4)-1.04 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings.