A vertical plate has a sharp-edged orifice at its center. A water jet of speed V strikes the plate concentrically. Obtain an expression for the external force needed to hold the plate in place, if the jet leaving the orifice also has speed V. Evaluate the force for V 5 15 ft/s, D 5 4 in., and d 5 1 in. Plot the required force as a function of diameter ratio for a suitable range of diameter d.

Acantilever of 3 m length with a t-shaped cross-section is loaded by three concentrated loads: w,-80 n at the free end, w 30 n, and w,-60 n at a distance of 1 m from the free end. all loads are applied at the outer edges of the flange as indicated in the sketch below. (a)-determine the maximum torsional shear stresses in the flange and in the web at distances 0.5 m and 2.5 m from the free end (sections i and ii marked in the sketch) b)- determine thefh end cross section assuming a shear modulus of 210 gpa.