A square silicon chip (k = 152 W/m·K) is of width 7 mm on a side and of thickness 3 mm. The chip is mounted in a substrate such that its side and back surfaces are insulated, while the front surface is exposed to a coolant. If 6 W are being dissipated in circuits mounted to the back surface of the chip, what is the steady-state temperature difference between the back and front surfaces?

Liquid flows at steady state at a rate of 2 lb/'s through a pump, which operates to raise the elevation of the liquid 100 ft from control volume inlet to exit. the liquid specific enthalpy at the inlet is 40.09 btu/lb and at the exit is 40.94 btub. the pump requires 3 btu/s of power to operate. if kinetic energy effects are negligible and gravitational acceleration is 32.174 tt/s, the heat transfer rate associated with this steady state process is most closely 1)-2,02 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings 2)-3.98 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 3)-4.96 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 4)-1.04 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings.