Water is transported to a residential area at 1.5 m^3/s using a 1500 m long concrete pipe with diameter 70 cm and surface roughness of 3 mm. to save energy, the city proposes to coat the inside of the pipe with a 2 cm thick liner with surface roughness of 0.04 mm. doing so will reduce roughness but also reduce pipe cross-sectional area.
1. will the gains be worthwhile?
2. calculate the relative change (percent increase/decrease) in needed pumping power if the lining is installed.

When at a point two solid phase changes to one solid phase on cooling then it is known as a) eutectoid point b) eutectic point c) peritectic point d) peritectoid point

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

Afluid flows with a velocity field given by v=(x/t)i.. determine the local and convective accelerations when x=3 and t=1.