The density of a liquid is to be determined by an old 1-cm-diameter cylindrical hydrometer whose division marks are completely wiped out. the hydrometer is first dropped in water, and the water level is marked. the hydrometer is then dropped into the other liquid, and it is observed that the mark for water has risen 0.3 cm above the liquid–air interface (fig. p11–31). if the height of the original water mark is 12.3 cm, determine the density of the liquid.

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

What difference(s) did you notice using a pneumatic circuit over hydraulic circuit. explain why the pneumatic piston stumbles when it hits an obstacle.

Fluids at rest possess no flow energy. a)- true b)- false