A common preprocessing step in many natural language processing tasks is text normalization, wherein words are converted to lowercase, extraneous whitespace is removed, etc. Write a function normalize(text) that returns a normalized version of the input string, in which all words have been converted to lowercase and are separated by a single space. No leading or trailing whitespace should be present in the output.

You need a quick answer from a coworker. the most effective way to reach your coworker is through a. cloud server b. instant message c. teleconference d. telepresence

Use a physical stopwatch to record the length of time it takes to run the program. calculate the difference obtained by calls to the method system. currenttimemillis() just before the start of the algorithm and just after the end of the algorithm. calculate the difference obtained by calls to the method system. currenttimemillis() at the start of the program and at the end of the program so that the elapsed time includes the display of the result. use the value returned by the method system. currenttimemillis() just after the end of the algorithm as the elapsed time.

1. web and mobile applications allow users to be actively engaged in an online activity. a true b false 2. some examples of business applications purposes are to collaborate, share files, meet virtually in real-time, and accept payments. a true b false 3. an education application would most likely do which of the following? a allow users to watch popular movies and tv shows b connect users with social and business contacts c confirm users' travel plans d teach users a new language 4. a uniform resource locator (url) is how the internet knows where to take users when an address is typed into a browser. a true b false 5. deon is required to provide the citation information for his sources. what type of information should he collect from his sources? a author name, title, date of publication, date of access, url b connections to background information c interesting facts and statistics d notes on important information