Deals with ensuring that data is protected against unauthorized access, and if the data are accessed by an authorized user, that the data are used only for an authorized purpose.

Which of the following statements is false? a. a class can directly inherit from class object. b. if the class you're inheriting from declares instance variables as private, the inherited class can access those instance variables directly. c. a class's instance variables are normally declared private to enforce good software engineering. d. it's often much more efficient to create a class by inheriting from a similar class than to create the class by writing every line of code the new class requires.