What is the description of a computer ram?

Writing a modular program in visual c++. i am new to this and not sure what i am missing. i am getting the following error: baddate. cpp: in function ‘int main()’: baddate. cpp: 50: 3: error: ‘else’ without a previous ‘if’elsehere are the instructions and code: writing a modular program in c++in this lab, you add the input and output statements to a partially completed c++ program. when completed, the user should be able to enter a year, a month, and a day. the program then determines if the date is valid. valid years are those that are greater than 0, valid months include the values 1 through 12, and valid days include the values 1 through 31.notice that variables have been declared for you. write the simulated housekeeping() function that contains the prompts and input statements to retrieve a year, a month, and a day from the user. include the output statements in the simulated endofjob() function. the format of the output is as follows: month/day/year is a valid date. ormonth/day/year is an invalid date. execute the program entering the following date: month = 5, day = 32, year = 2014. record the output of this program. execute the program entering the following date: month = 9, day = 21, year = 2002. record the output of this /* program name: baddate. cppfunction: this program determines if a date entered by the user is valid. input: interactiveoutput: valid date is printed or user is alerted that an invalid date was entered*/#include bool validatedate(int, int, int); using namespace std; int main(){// declare variablesint year; int month; int day; const int min_year = 0, min_month = 1, max_month = 12, min_day = 1, max_day = 31; bool validdate = true; // this is the work of the housekeeping() method// get the year, then the month, then the daycout< < "enter the year"< > year; cout< < "enter the month"< > month; cout< < "enter the day"< > day; // this is the work of the detailloop() method// check to be sure date is validif(year < = min_year) // invalid yearvaliddate = false; else if (month < min_month || month > max_month) // invalid monthvaliddate = false; else if (day < min_day || day > max_day) // invalid dayvaliddate = false; // this is the work of the endofjob() method// test to see if date is valid and output date and whether it is valid or notif(validdate == true); {// output statementcout<

Suppose a cpu with a write-through, write-allocate cache achieves a cpi of 2. what are the read and write bandwidths (measured by bytes per cycle) between ram and the cache? (assume each miss generates a request for one block.)

Computer security/cybersecurity1) each of the following code fragments contains a number of security vulnerabilities. for each fragment, identify these security vulnerabilities and, for each vulnerability, discuss at least one way that it could be improved. note that in your discussion of how each vulnerability could be improved, you do not need to re-write a new version of the program in c; simply discuss your solution, either in pseudocode or in 1-2 sentences. a) /* file descriptor leak */#include #include int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ char *filepath = argv[0]; char *shellpath = argv[1]; file *passwords; passwords = fopen(filepath, "r"); /* read the password and do something with it */ /* . . */ /* fork and execute alternative shell */ execl(shellpath, "shell", null); }b)#include /* assume the following function is written for an electronic storefront. the user will enter the id of the item to be ordered, as well as the quantity of units that they would like to purchase. the program will then lookup the price for the price for the item using a predefined function, and return the total cost of the order.*/int gettotalcost(){ char itemid[9]; int price, unitsordered, cost; printf(" enter the 9-digit id of the item to be ordered: "); scanf("%s", & itemid); /* lookup the price according to the itemid */ price = getpricebyid(itemid); printf(" enter the quantity of units to be ordered: "); scanf("%d", & unitsordered); cost = price * unitsordered; return cost; }c)#include /* the following function is intended to return a user's full name by concatenating the user's first and last name into a single string and then returning that string. */char *getfullname(char *firstname, char *lastname, int max_len){ char fullname[max_len]; strcpy(fullname, firstname); strcat(fullname, " "); strcat(fullname, lastname); return fullname; }d)#include /* the following code snippet runs through the list of cli arguments entered and displays them to the console. */int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int i; printf("you've entered the following arguments: "); for(i = 0; i < argc; i++){ print(argv[i]); printf("\n"); } /* */}