⦁ Consider transferring an enormous file of L bytes from Host A to Host B. Assume an MSS of 536 bytes. ⦁ What is the maximum value of L such that TCP sequence numbers are not exhausted? Recall that the TCP sequence number field has 4 bytes. ⦁ For the L you obtain in (a), find how long it takes to transmit the file. Assume that a total of 66 bytes of transport, network, and data-link header are added to each segment before the resulting packet is sent out over a 155 Mbps link. Ignore flow control and congestion control so A can pump out the segments back to back and continuously.

a)  There are approximately  2^32 = 4,294,967,296 possible number of the sequence. This number of the sequence does not increase by one with every number of sequences but by byte number of data transferred. Therefore, the MSS size is insignificant. Thus, it can be inferred that the maximum L value is representable by 2^32 ≈ 4.19 Gbytes.

b)  ceil(2^32 / 536) = 8,012,999

The segment number is 66 bytes of header joined to every segment to get a cumulative sum of 528,857,934 bytes of header. Therefore, overall number of bytes sent will be 2^32 + 528,857,934 =  4.824 × 10^9 bytes.  Thus, we can conclude that the total time taken to send the file will be 249 seconds over a 155~Mbps link.

Explanation:

a)  There are approximately  2^32 = 4,294,967,296 possible number of the sequence. This number of the sequence does not increase by one with every number of sequences but by byte number of data transferred. Therefore, the MSS size is insignificant. Thus, it can be inferred that the maximum L value is representable by 2^32 ≈ 4.19 Gbytes.

b)  ceil(2^32 / 536) = 8,012,999

The segment number is 66 bytes of header joined to every segment to get a cumulative sum of 528,857,934 bytes of header. Therefore, overall number of bytes sent will be 2^32 + 528,857,934 =  4.824 × 10^9 bytes.  Thus, we can conclude that the total time taken to send the file will be 249 seconds over a 155~Mbps link.

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