As you walk barefoot in the park, your nose conveys to your brain the smell of the freshly cut grass; your skin sends information about the feel of the gentle breeze; and your ears transmit the sound of children laughing on the playground to your auditory cortex. this process of detecting stimuli in the environment is called

Sensation

Explanation:

According to my research on studies conducted by various neurologists, I can say that based on the information provided within the question this process is referred to as a Sensation. Like described in the question this is a mental process in which a certain external stimuli, stimulates one of the sense organs such as the nose, eyes or ears and causing a certain mental process to take place and provide this "Sensation".

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