Ratio data: are sorted into categories according to specified characteristics are ranked according to some relationship to one another are continuous and have a natural zero have constant differences between observations

When creating a budget, log fixed expenses before income. after income. after savings. at the top.

Why were most movies from the late 1890s until the early 1930s only filmed in black and white? there were only a few people who could afford the technology to produce color motion pictures back then. audiences did not want color motion pictures until later. the film used to make color motion pictures often overheated, which was a safety hazard, so it was generally not allowed. color films had to be hand-colored, frame by frame.

The processing of data in a computer involves the interplay between its various hardware components.