"write the chemical equation for the dissociation of butanoic acid [c3h7cooh] in water. include the phases of all species in the chemical equation."

                 C₃H₇COOH (aq) + H₂O (l)     ↔    C₃H₇COO⁻ (aq) + H₃O⁺ (aq)

Explanation:

                      Among Organic compounds carboxylic acids are acidic in nature. This acidity of carboxylic acids can be explained by the stability of conjugate base called as Carboxylate ion (a general name). This stability of Carboxylate ions originate due to resonance between the oxygen containing negative charge and carbonyl group.

Therefore, when carboxylic acids are dissolved in water, the water molecules act as base and abstracts proton from carboxylic acid and forms a conjugate acid i.e. H₃O⁺. And the coarboxylic acid is converted into its corresponding conjugate base (carboxylate Ion)

if two electrons have the same n, the same ℓ, and the same ml, then they are in the same orbital. the pauli exclusion principle states that no two identical fermions (a fancy word for electrons and other subatomic particles like electrons) may occupy the same quantum state in an atom simultaneously.