How many valance electrons do most atoms need to have a full shell?

the correct option is c.

isotopes refers to different forms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass number as a result of difference in their neutron numbers. isotopes have different relative atomic mass but share the same chemical properties.

periodic trends is an atom that gets larger as the number of electronic shells increase, the radius of atoms increases as you go down a certain group in the periodic table of elements. in general, the size of an atom will decrease as you move from left to right of a certain period.