Red cabbage is an organic indicator for acids and bases. in the pictures above, which test tube(s) may have ammonia dissolved in it?
a) ammonia is probably in the middle since it is naturally a gas and will evaporate off leaving a neutral solution with ph = 7.
b) ammonia could be in a couple of the test tubes on the right since it is a acid.
c) ammonia could be in the middle or the right test tubes since it is a weak to moderate base.
d) ammonia may be in one of the test tubes on the left since the ph of ammonia is below 7.
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Option (C) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Indicators are the substances which show change in the color when added to a certain substance. An indicator helps in knowing whether the substance to which it is being added is acidic or basic.

For example, when a blue litmus is dipped into hydrochloric acid then it turns into red. Therefore, blue litmus indicates that hydrochloric acid is an acid.

Similarly, when ammonia is added to the red cabbage then the color changes from red to green. As ammonia is a basic solution therefore, when added to red cabbage the change in pH of solution will be greater than 7.

Thus, we can conclude that ammonia could be in the middle or the right test tubes since it is a weak to moderate base.  

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms

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