Lesson 04.01: chemical vs. physical changes and properties define and identify chemical and physical properties and changes. give examples of physical and chemical properties and changes. compare and contrast chemical and physical properties and changes.

Straightforward questions answered in the powerpoint slidesreaction: heating the starting materials under refluxwhat does it mean to heat under reflux? why do we choose water as the reflux solvent? what are boiling chips used for? why do we put a condenser on top of the reaction? why do we add heat and let the reaction stir for 30 minutes? why do we add sulfuric acid to the reaction after it cools as opposed to when it’s still hot? separation: filtration of precipitatewhy don’t we do an aqueous and organic extraction in the separatory funnel? why do you rinse the salicylic acid on the filter with ice cold water? purification: recrystallization of salicylic acid (no hot filtration needed)what is the difference in the amount of room temperature water vs. boiling water needed to dissolve the salicylic acid (assume a 1.2 gram yield of salicylic acid)? remember, in the lab if you need x ml of boiling water to dissolve a solid, then you should add a little more (definitely no more than 1.5 times the theoretical amount) to ensure it doesn’t recrystallize prematurely. analysis: melting point of salicylic acidwhat can you conclude if the melting point of the salicylic acid you just synthesized is 152-155oc and the 1: 1 mix of your product and “synthetic” salicylic acid is 151-154oc?

The characteristic of two different types of reactions are shown below. reaction a: electrons are gained by the atoms of an element. reaction b: protons are lost by the atom of and element. which statement is true about the atoms of the elements that participate in the two reactions? a: their identity changes in both reaction a and b. b: their identity changes in reaction a but not b. c: their identity changes in reaction b but not a. d: their identity remains the same.

The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed?