A student who did the same experiment that you did determined the specific heat for all of the metals. His values were all 0. 10 to 0. 20 less than the actual specific heat values. Select all possible sources of this error listed below. The metals were not heated to 100°C. The metals were heated beyond 100°C. The metals cooled before they were added to the water. The thermometer was not completely submerged in the water while reading. The calorimeter was not sealed properly, so heat escaped. Less metal was added to the calorimeter than was massed.