Why does the acid slowly diffuse downward when the eudiometer tube is inverted into the sink full of water

Straightforward questions answered in the powerpoint slidesreaction: heating the starting materials under refluxwhat does it mean to heat under reflux? why do we choose water as the reflux solvent? what are boiling chips used for? why do we put a condenser on top of the reaction? why do we add heat and let the reaction stir for 30 minutes? why do we add sulfuric acid to the reaction after it cools as opposed to when it’s still hot? separation: filtration of precipitatewhy don’t we do an aqueous and organic extraction in the separatory funnel? why do you rinse the salicylic acid on the filter with ice cold water? purification: recrystallization of salicylic acid (no hot filtration needed)what is the difference in the amount of room temperature water vs. boiling water needed to dissolve the salicylic acid (assume a 1.2 gram yield of salicylic acid)? remember, in the lab if you need x ml of boiling water to dissolve a solid, then you should add a little more (definitely no more than 1.5 times the theoretical amount) to ensure it doesn’t recrystallize prematurely. analysis: melting point of salicylic acidwhat can you conclude if the melting point of the salicylic acid you just synthesized is 152-155oc and the 1: 1 mix of your product and “synthetic” salicylic acid is 151-154oc?

One way in which the useful metal copper is produced is by dissolving the mineral azurite, which contains copper(ii) carbonate, in concentrated sulfuric acid. the sulfuric acid reacts with the copper(ii) carbonate to produce a blue solution of copper(ii) sulfate. scrap iron is then added to this solution, and pure copper metal precipitates out because of the following chemical reaction: (s) (aq) (s) (aq) suppose an industrial quality-control chemist analyzes a sample from a copper processing plant in the following way. he adds powdered iron to a copper(ii) sulfate sample from the plant until no more copper will precipitate. he then washes, dries, and weighs the precipitate, and finds that it has a mass of .

With the largest atoms and the smallest number of valence electrons and with the smallest atoms and the greatest number of valence electrons are the most reactive. a. nonmetals; metals b. nonmetals; transition elements c. transition elements; metals d. metals; nonmetals