Use Table 4.4 and classify the bonds in the following com- pounds as nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic:
a. Mgl (each I is bonded to Mg)
b. NC1, (each Cl is bonded to N)
c. H S (each H is bonded to S)
d. RbF
e. Sro

Melting and boiling are endothermic processes. this means that these processes absorb energy from their surroundings in order to occur. use this information and the data you collected in the phase change gizmo to describe what happens to the temperature of water when you boil it, then explain why this result occurs.

6. using 3 – 4 sentences explain (in your own words) why water expands when it freezes? 7. using your knowledge of colligative properties explain whether sodium chloride or calcium chloride would be a more effective substance to melt the ice on a slick sidewalk. use 3 – 4 sentences in your explanation.

Phosphoric acid is a triprotic acid ( =6.9×10−3 , =6.2×10−8 , and =4.8×10−13 ). to find the ph of a buffer composed of h2po−4(aq) and hpo2−4(aq) , which p value should be used in the henderson–hasselbalch equation? p k a1 = 2.16 p k a2 = 7.21 p k a3 = 12.32 calculate the ph of a buffer solution obtained by dissolving 18.0 18.0 g of kh2po4(s) kh 2 po 4 ( s ) and 33.0 33.0 g of na2hpo4(s) na 2 hpo 4 ( s ) in water and then diluting to 1.00 l.