Excessive use of fertilizers make soil fertile. true or false​

Read the given expression. x = number of protons − number of core electrons which of the following explains the identity of x and its trends across a period? x is the effective nuclear charge, and it remains constant across a period. x is the screening constant, and it remains constant across a period. x is the effective nuclear charge, and it increases across a period. x is the screening constant, and it increases across a period.

For the following, determine the type of reaction and then give products.

How much would the freezing point of water decrease if 4 mol of sugar were added to 1 kg of water(k=1.86 c/mol/kg for water and i=1 for sugar