How do protons determine element identity

The number of protons also determines the identity of the element. ... Since the atom is electrically neutral, the number of electrons must equal the number of protons.

specific gravity is the density of a substance divided by the density of water. since (at standard temperature and pressure) water has a density of 1 gram/cm3, and since all of the units cancel, specific gravity is usually very close to the same value as density

so "c" is the answer

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it is b that is the answer.