Part B Mendeleev placed thallium (Tl) in the same group as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K),
rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs). However, the modern periodic table doesn't place thallium in
this group. Use the periodic table C to find the properties of thallium. Explain why
Mendeleev might have grouped thallium in the same group as lithium and sodium. Also
eynlain how thallium is different from the other five elements

Vander waals forces are inter molecular bonds that exist within molecules of the same substance. a water molecule is made up of oxygen and hydrogen atoms which share electrons between each other. the vander waals forces are forces that exist between multitude of different  molecules of water. dipole dipole forces is the type of vander waals force that exist in water. the oxygen atom which is more electronegative pulls the shared electron closer to itself thus generating a partial negative charge while the hydrogen acquire a partial positive charge. these two different charges causes attraction to occur in water molecules.

2poclâ‚(g) ⇜ 2 pclâ‚(g) + oâ‚‚(g) â†gâ° = (2 mol)î”gfâ°(pclâ‚) – (2 mol)î”gfâ°(poclâ‚) = (2 mol)(–270 –(–502) kj/mol) â†gâ° = + 464 kj = â†hⰠ– tî”sâ° î”sâ° = 179 j/k ⇒ â†hâ° = â†gâ° + (298 k)(179 j/k) = –411 kj assuming that î”hâ° and î”sâ° do not depend on temperature, the temperature at which â†gâ° = 0 is where t = â†hâ°/î”sâ° = (–411 kj)/(0.179 j/k) = 2294 k. at that temp. keq = 1 for the reaction.