Which subatomic particle participates in covalent and ionic bonds?

no, the red giant is the hottest with 2.00.000.000 degrees celsius. while the white dwarf only 25,000 degrees celsius.

so here we go

atomic mass

239 + 1 = y + 134 + 3 combine like terms

240 = y + 137             subtract 137 from both terms

240 - 137 = y

103 = y

atomic number

94 = z +54 + 0

94 = z + 54               subtract 54 from both sides.

40 = z

answer