32 the valence electron of which atom in the ground state has the greatest amount of energy? (1) cesium (3) rubidium
(2) lithium (4) sodium

Answer;

Cesium

Explanation;

-Cesium atoms have 55 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.18.8.1. The ground state electron configuration of ground state gaseous neutral cesium is [Xe].6s1. The atom has a valence of 1, meaning it requires to loose one electron to form a stable configuration. Compared with alkali metals lithium rubidium and sodium its atom has the greatest amount of energy at ground state.

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