True or false
gravitational and electromagnetic forces are both too weak to be able to overcome the electrostatic force of proton – proton repulsion in the nuclei of atoms.

True

Explanation:

The strong nuclear force is at times more rapidly than the electromagnetic force (EM). In essence, this can be given by the relationship:

instead of

Therefore, the strong proton – proton repulsion between two atoms with smaller radii is able to overcome to overcome non-charge forces, in this case, the gravitational and electromagnetic forces.

Protons and neutron exist of quarks. It requires a strong magnetic force to overcome the strong residual repulsion between two protons.  

answer: i would say b.

explanation:

answer:

the answer is 6 valence electrons.

explanation:

valence is the # of electrons on the outer most shell of an atom.

oxygen has 6.

although, the valency of oxygen is 2, because it only needs to make 2 covalent bonds, or gain 2 electrons, to achieve the stable octet configuration of a noble gas.

that's it!

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~ trueboss72