how does adding a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent affect the freezing point of the pure solvent?

the solvent will have a lower freezing point.

the solvent will have a higher freezing point.

the solvent's freezing point will not be affected.

the solvent's freezing point will most likely change, but not in a predictable way.

The human eye contains a molecule called 11-cis-retinal that changes shape when struck with light of sufficient energy. the change in shape triggers a series of events that results in an electrical signal being sent to the brain that results in vision. the minimum energy required to change the conformation of 11-cis-retinal within the eye is about 164 kj/mol.