In this experiment, 1-2 ml of saturated sodium chloride is used to transfer the crude product after the initial distillation. why is saturated sodium chloride, rather than pure water, used for this procedure?

Saturated sodium chloride is used to transfer the product rather than water since it is not polar and rinsing the product with water would revert any 4-methylcyclohexene back to 4-methylcyclohexanol in the Hickman Head and thus lowering the percent yield; using water would shift the equilibrium towards the reactants.  Also sodium chloride removes the small amount of phosphoric acid and also a small amount of water.  If one were to add water, both 4-methylcyclohexene and phosphoric acid are partially soluble making difficult to remove the water later; sodium chloride makes the water less reactive so easier to remove by making the aqueous later more polar.

Because it helps to remove water from the system.

Explanation:

The saturated sodium chloride solution has a strong affinity for water molecules and there is the possibility of changing the saturated solution to a dilute solution in the presence of pure water. Because of these reasons, the saturated sodium chloride solution removes water molecules from the system to become a diluted solution. That is the reason why the saturated solution was used instead of pure water.

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a saline water is fed to a reverse osmosis unit at flow rate o rotameter connected to reject (retentate) line reads 8 installed in reject and permeate line reads 15.2 milli siemens/cm and 300 micro siemens/com respectively.