8. We can use to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or 1 point base by neutralizing it with a base (or acid) of a known concentration.
electrolytes
O litmus paper
Ο Ο Ο O
titration
conductivity

English and you

Because calorimetry is used to measure the heat of a reaction, it is a crucial part of thermodynamics. in order to measure the heat of a reaction, the reaction must be isolated so that no heat is lost to the environment. this is achieved by use of a calorimeter, which insulates the reaction to better contain heat.

Use your periodic table to  determine  whether an  element  is a metal or a non-metal and how many valence electrons it has to   determine if  it  will bond  by transferring (ionic/electrovalent) or sharing (covalent) valence electrons. in general,compounds  formed between a metal and a non-metal  will  contain  ionic  bonds.